Design & Knowledge Modeling -knowledge Modeling as Design

نویسنده

  • Willemien Visser
چکیده

The paper presents a cognitive analysis of design as a problem-solving activity. Design is characterized through results from empirical studies of various design tasks. Based on this characterization, it will be argued why and how knowledge modeling can be considered as a design task. Knowledge modeling has been qualified as the "construction of a set of successive representations". Processing different types of representations at different levels and from different viewpoints plays an important role in design problem solving. It will be argued that other characteristics of design may also apply to knowledge modeling. As there are not yet data available on the cognitive activities involved in knowledge modeling, hypotheses for studying these activities may be inspired by what is known about design: design problems have no pre-existing, complete problem definition, and no unique, correct solution; the design activity does not follow a pre-existing plan, it is opportunistically organized. Key-words. Design, Knowledge modeling, Problem solving, Ill-defined problem, Cognitive modeling, Representations, Empirical studies. Résumé. L'article présente une analyse cognitive de la conception comme activité de résolution de problème. La conception est caractérisée à travers les résultats d'études empiriques conduites sur différentes tâches de conception. Sur la base sur cette caractérissation, on présente des arguments pour défendre pourquoi et comment la modélisation de connaissances peut être considérée comme une activité de conception. La modélisation de connaissances a été qualifiée de "construction d'un ensemble de représentations successives". Le traitement de différents types de représentation de niveaux et de points de vue différents joue un rôle important dans la résolution de problèmes de conception. On défend que d'autres caractéristiques de l'activité de conception peuvent s'appliquer également à la modélisation de connaissances. Parce que l'on ne dispose pas encore de données empiriques sur les activités cognitives mises en oeuvre dans cette modélisation, on peut formuler des hypothèses à ce sujet à partir de ce que l'on sait sur la conception: l'absence d'une définition exhaustive, pré-existante du problème et d'une solution unique ou "correcte", et le fait que l'activité ne suit pas de plan pré-établi, mais est organisé de façon opportuniste. Mots-clés. Conception, Modélisation de connaissances, Résolution de problème, Problèmes mal structurés, Modélisation cognitive, Représentation, Etudes empiriques. ha l-0 06 58 61 2, v er si on 1 10 J an 2 01 2 Author manuscript, published in "CCAI, Communication and Cognition Artificial Intelligence (today entitled "CC-AI, The journal for the integrated study of Artificial Intelligence, Cognitive Science and Applied Epistemology") 10, 3 (1993) 219-233"

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تاریخ انتشار 1993